A History of Contemporary Italy: Society and Politics, 1943-1988
Paul Ginsborg
Language: English
Pages: 592
ISBN: 1403961530
Format: PDF / Kindle (mobi) / ePub
From a war-torn and poverty-stricken country, regional and predominantly agrarian, to the success story of recent years, Italy has witnessed the most profound transformation--economic, social and demographic--in its entire history. Yet the other recurrent theme of the period has been the overwhelming need for political reform--and the repeated failure to achieve it. Professor Ginsborg's authoritative work--the first to combine social and political perspectives--is concerned with both the tremendous achievements of contemporary Italy and "the continuities of its history that have not been easily set aside."
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Supreme, or to find confirmation for Marx's famous remarks on the peasantry being a sack of potatoes, isomorphous entities without contact between them. This was only partly the case. In central Italy families had developed a rich network of exchanges and mutual aid; typical of these was the aiutarella, the exchange of labour between families at crucial mo�ents in the agricultural calendar, such as at threshing time.51 No practice epitomized better the frequent contact between families than the.
Important the Ministry of Agriculture was, and worked hard to replace Gullo with a man of their own party, Antonio Segni. However, the political opponents of southern agrarian reform would not have triumphed as they did without the ductility of the PCI leadership. As we have already noted, Togliatti welcomed the Gullo decrees and the massive peasant mobilization that followed them, but only so long as they did not place in jeopardy the alliance with the D C. If the peasant movement threatened.
West had no option but to oppose these plans uncompromisingly. The era of the anti-Fascist coalitions was over and that of the Cold War had begun.95 Togliatti accepted his instructions reluctantly. The strategy of alliance with the D C may have produced meagre results, but for Togliatti it was infinitely preferable to the sort of frontal opposition which had led to so many disasters in the twenties and early thirties. However, much of the party felt a sense of relief at being at last in open.
The processes at work in this sector. The upper ranks of the central administration continued to be dominated by southerners who had been trained as lawyers, and who seemed content to trade lack of decision-making powers in return for security. Unlike in many other European countries, there was little osmosis between the administrative and political classes. Instead, Italian senior civil servants remained a closed caste, living an uneasy relationship with the politicians: they needed their.
Excommunicated all those who espoused Communist, materialist or anti-Christian doctrines, the civic committees launched their 'Religious Crusade for the Great Return of Communists to the Fold'. This coincided with the Holy Year of 1950, which witnessed unparalleled Catholic celebrations throughout Italy. Five years later the committees returned to the attack with their Operazione Semaforo Giallo (Orange Traffic-light Campaign): 'the red-of Communism blocks our commitment to the creation of a.